憂鬱症定義,有哪些症狀,又該如何治療?醫師來解答

憂鬱症可說是二十一世紀的健康殺手,甚至造成人類失能的疾病,根據世界衛生組織(WHO)的報告,全球共有超過3.5億人罹患憂鬱症,而在台灣根據統計2017年有在服用醫生處方抗憂鬱藥物的人數達133萬人,這是有就醫領藥的紀錄,實際上根據衛生福利部的研究數據提到台灣憂鬱症的盛行率約占總人口數8.9%,就是說大約有200萬人符合憂鬱症狀,但因為憂鬱症的汙名化嚴重,許多人不願被貼上標籤承認自己生病,因此從未尋求治療。

 

什麼是憂鬱症?憂鬱症的定義是?

威而鋼100mg,犀利士20mg,樂威壯,必利勁

憂鬱症是一種精神官能症,對人事物失去興趣甚至感到悲傷,且持續一段時間,初期不容易被發現。憂鬱症和單純情緒不好是不一樣的,多數人不會再難過低潮的情緒持續太久,但憂鬱症會維持相當長的一段時間,對於人的感受、行為和思考都會造成影響,嚴重的會造成身體機能問題,影響正常的起居生活、睡眠和工作(1)。台灣憂鬱症防治協會提到目前診斷憂鬱症的標準共有9個症狀,其中只要有5個症狀持續超過兩週,且大部分時間都有達到標準,就要小心得到憂鬱症,症狀包括(2)

1.憂鬱情緒:快樂不起來、煩躁、鬱悶

2.興趣與喜樂減少:提不起興趣

3.體重下降(或增加)或食慾下降 (或增加)

4.失眠(或嗜睡):難入睡或整天想睡

5.精神運動性遲滯(或激動):思考動作變緩慢

6.疲累失去活力:整天想躺床、體力變差

7.無價值感或罪惡感:覺得活著沒意思、自責難過,都是負面的想法

8.無法專注、無法決斷:腦筋變鈍、矛盾猶豫、無法專心

9.反覆想到死亡,甚至有自殺意念、企圖或計畫

 

如果你有以上5個症狀以上且維持一段時間就要多加注意自己的情緒健康,正向面對積極改善。

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憂鬱症是非常難治療且原因也非常複雜的疾病,所消耗的社會資源其實相當大,而在現在處於高壓生活快速的社會,你我都有可能會面臨憂鬱症的威脅,因此正視自我的心理變化和培養出不同的生活重心,可以分散情緒被綁架的風險,適時的關心周遭親友也有助於他們遠離憂鬱症的困擾唷!

憂鬱症定義,有哪些症狀,又該如何治療?醫師來解答

 

參考資料:https://www.dha.tw
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